Standard values of capacitors5/31/2023 While the feed voltage goes down to zero, the capacitor begins to leak out its contents, this will smooth the output voltage and current. When a capacitor from the power line is connected to ground and the DC will not pass, but as the pulse fills up the cap, it reduces the current flow and the effective voltage. AC current is rectified by diodes, so instead of AC, there are pulses of DC from zero volts to peak. Capacitors condition DC voltage to other components and thus provide a steady power supply. Electrical components are very sensitive to voltage swings, and as such a power spike can kill those expensive parts. Once the plate can no longer hold them, they are forced past the dielectric and onto the other plate, thus displacing the electrons back into the circuit. The negative flows to the positive-that is why the negative is the active lead, although many capacitors are not polarized. When a capacitor is placed in a circuit with an active current, electrons from the negative side build up on the closest plate. A capacitor is a small (most of the time) electrical/electronics component on most circuit boards that can perform various functions. Here is a bit of the dry stuff, just to help understanding what a capacitor is and generally does.
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